Which atmospheric condition is often monitored during the summer for flight safety?

Thunderstorm activity is a critical atmospheric condition that is frequently monitored during the summer months for flight safety. Summer weather conditions are often conducive to the development of thunderstorms due to increased heat and humidity. These thunderstorms can produce hazardous situations such as turbulence, lightning strikes, hail, and severe wind shear. Monitoring thunderstorm activity allows pilots and air traffic controllers to take necessary precautions, such as altering flight paths or delaying takeoffs and landings to ensure the safety of aircraft and passengers.

High humidity levels can contribute to thunderstorm development but are not monitored as closely on their own without the context of other conditions like temperature and instability. High wind patterns can also pose risks, particularly during storms, but the focus on specific thunderstorm activity is paramount during summer months when such storms are most prevalent. Similarly, cloud ceiling heights are important for visibility and navigation, but they are more of a concern for specific flight operations rather than a general safety risk compared to the immediate threats posed by thunderstorms.