What should a pilot do if they inadvertently encounter icing conditions?

Inadvertently encountering icing conditions is a serious situation that requires immediate action to ensure safety. Changing course and/or altitude is the most effective response for several reasons. Icing can significantly affect aircraft performance, control, and safety, potentially leading to a loss of lift and an increase in weight. By changing course, the pilot can exit the icing conditions, ideally moving to an area where temperatures are warmer and the moisture in the atmosphere does not pose a risk for ice formation.

Additionally, altering altitude may allow the pilot to find a more suitable atmospheric layer where the air temperature is above freezing or where the moisture levels are reduced, thereby minimizing the risk of ice accumulation. In contrast, simply descending to a lower altitude may not always be sufficient if that altitude still presents icing hazards. Relying solely on de-icing equipment does not completely resolve the dangers posed by icing, as it may not be effective in severe conditions, and continuing on course is not advisable since that increases the potential for serious safety risks. Thus, adjusting course or altitude is a proactive approach to mitigating the dangers associated with icing conditions.